Mitosis
Table of Contents
Why do cells divide?
- The major purpose of mitosis is for growth and to replace worn out cells.
- If not corrected in time, mistakes made during mitosis can result in changes in the DNA that can potentially lead to genetic disorder.
Mitotic Phase
- A phase in which the duplicated chromosomes are aligned, seperated, and move into two new, identical daughter cells.
- The first portion of this phase is called karyokinesis or nuclear division.
- The second portion of this phase is called cytokinesis, which is the physical seperation of the two cytoplasmic components into two daughter cells.
Checkpoint
- For mitotic phase, it is also called the M (spindle) Checkpoint
- it occurs during Metaphase
- attachment of spindle fibers to kinetochores are checked
- This is to ensure that the chromatids are aligned properly.
Stimulating Protein
- anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C)
Inhibiting Proteins
- mitotic arrest deficient (MAD) proteins
Errors in Mitosis
Mosaicism
- presence of more than one type of cell in a person.
Hemophilia
- inherited bleeding disorder.
Marfan Syndrome
- genetic condition that affects connective tissue.