Chromosomes
Table of Contents
Definition
- Long threads of DNA associated with protein.
- Its main function is to store hereditary information.
- Humans have 46 chromosomes.
Chromatids
- It is a single piece of chromosome attached to the centromere.
- They are in-pair with another chromatid called sister chromatid.
Centromere
- It is the center part of a chromosome and it connects the pair chromatids.
Centrosome
- It is an organelle that serves as the main microtubule organizing center (MTOC) of the animal cell, as well as a regulator in cell-cycle progression.
- made up of 2 centrioles.
- it is contained in a matrix similar to a cytoplasm.
- point of origin of the mitotic spindle.
Centrioles
- Pairs of microtubular structures.
- They are right angles to each other.
- move towards the poles (opposite ends) of the nucleus
Functions
- Play a role in cell division
- involved in the organization of the mitotic spindle.
- completion of cytokinesis
Mitotic Spindle
- groups of threads attached to the centrioles.