Meiosis

Table of Contents

Definition

  • also known as "_Reduction-Division Genetic Recombination_"
  • the form of cell division by which gametes, with half the number of chromosome.
  • Occurs only in Gonads (testes or ovaries).

Gametes

  • is a haploid cell (n) that fuses with another haploid cell during fertilization to form a zygote.
  • it is an organism's reproductive cells/sex cells.

Spermatogenesis

  • formation of sperm cells.

Oogenisis

  • formation of egg or ova (plural of ovum).

Phases

Karyotype

  • An organized picture of the chromosomes of a human arranged by size from largest to smallest.

Autosomes

  • Pairs 1 - 22

Sex Chromosomes

  • last pair

Fertilization

  • A zygote is a fertilized egg

Non-disjunction

  • failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate during meiosis.
  • results with the production of zygotes with abnormal chromosomes numbers

Trisomy

2n + 1

Trisomy-13

  • Patau's Syndrome

Trisomy-18

  • Edward's Syndrome

Trisomy-21

  • Down Syndrome

Trisomy-23 (XXY)

  • Klinefelter's Syndrome

Trisomy X (47,XXX)

  • An extra X chromosome

Monosomy

2n - 1

Monosomy-23 (X0)

  • Turner's Syndrome

Jacob's Syndrome

  • An extra Y chromosome

Frequency

  • 1 in every 1000 male births

References

Date: August 24, 2023

Author: Paul Gerald D. Pare

Emacs 29.1 (Org mode 9.6.6)